In order to understand how to control access to your Wiki site, you need to understand DokuWiki authentication and access control. Authentication determines who can access your site, and access control determines what they can access.

DokuWiki has been setup by default to allow everyone with a CSE account to login to your site. You can add your own custom non-CSE accounts through the User Manager in the Admin menu. You can also enable registration on your Wiki in order to allow outside users to register for an account on your Wiki. This process is completely automatated in that the user will be sent a registration message, and will need to access a particular URL to activate their account. However, due to spam activity, this mode of operation is highly discouraged.

DokuWiki users can be placed into groups. The following groups come preconfigured with our DokuWiki installation:

You can manually add users to groups through the User Manager in the Admin menu. You cannot remove users from the cse, wiki, or ALL groups. The “:group” namespace is used to store group data. That is, if you add a user X to the group mygroup, then :group:mygroup will contain “X”. This means that if you need to add many users to a group, you may find it easier to edit the group file directly! To edit an existing group, you can visit the group namespace through the wiki “Index”, and then simply choose the “Edit page” button. If you wish to create a new group that has not already been created through the user manager, you must visit the URL directly like this:

https://wiki.cse.yorku.ca/dept/test/group:newgroup

Now you can “Create” the group.

In addition to being able to modify group files manually, you can use some special syntax in order to allow you to include system groups (like ugrad or faculty), class distribution lists, other wiki groups, or even combinations of all of the above.

In order to manually add a system group to your group file:

include:system:<GROUP>

For example:

include:system:faculty

In order to manually add a class distribution list to your group file:

include:dist:<SESSION>:<TERM>:<FILE>

For example:

include:dist:2006-07:f:cse1020

You can manually add other wiki groups to your group file:

include:wiki:<GROUP>

For example:

include:wiki:mygroup

In general, many Wikis are very open by default. [However sometimes it makes sense to restrict access to certain or all pages. This is when Access Control Lists (ACL) come to play. This page should give you an overview how ACL works in DokuWiki and how they are configured.

For more information and questions go to –> discussion:acl

WARNING: DokuWiki's ACL feature has now been included for some time and should be pretty stable. However, if you are concerned about the risk of unauthorized users accessing information in your wiki, you should never put it on a computer accessible from the Internet……

To enable ACL in DokuWiki, you need at least one default ACL. Simply copy the example files conf/acl.auth.php.dist and conf/users.auth.php.dist to conf/acl.auth.php and conf/users.auth.php respectively and the login page should work. If you get “No ACL setup yet! Denying access to everyone.” then make sure that the text in the beginning of the file acl.auth.php reads acl.auth.php and not users.auth.php.

You also need to set some config options. Let's have a look at a sample you could add to your local.php to enable the default plaintext authentication with public registration:

  $conf['useacl']       = 1;        // this enables the ACL feature
  $conf['superuser']    = '@admin'; // admin group is superuser

useacl enables the ACL feature. Once this feature is enabled, a Login button appears at the bottom of every wiki page, and users can register themselves. The superuser option specifies who is able to do everything in DokuWiki (including adding new ACL restrictions) - this can either be a single user or a group (marked by a leading @). When you install a dokuwiki with ACL from scratch, using the browser, click the “Login” button, follow the “register” link, and register at least one user. (If you don't see a register link the permissions of conf/users.auth.php or conf/acl.auth.php are incorrect and no new data can be written to it.) Then, edit conf/users.auth.php and promote at least one user from “user” to “admin”. From then on there is an additional “Admin” button available if you are logged in as a user who belongs to the “admin” group.

At this point, an additional security feature can be enabled. To disallow users to register themselves add 'register' to the disableactions option:

  $conf['disableactions'] = 'register';        // users are no longer allowed to register themselves

The old way of doing this was the openregister option which is deprecated.

If this behaviour is desired, users can only be added by an admin (either through the admin web interface or by editing conf/users.auth.php directly).

There are some additional configuration options which allow control over other aspects of ACL but for which many will find the default settings satisfactory.

$conf['autopasswd']  = 1;                //autogenerate passwords and email them to user
$conf['passcrypt']   = 'smd5';           //Used crypt method (smd5,md5,sha1,ssha,crypt,mysql,my411)
$conf['defaultgroup']= 'user';           //Default groups new Users are added to
$conf['profileconfirm'] = '1';           //Require current password to confirm changes to user profile
$conf['authtype']     = 'plain';         // plaintext backend (default)

• Change autopasswd to 0 to allow users to select their own password when registering. This has the side-effect of removing the guarantee that the user has registered with a valid email address.
• passcrypt determines the method of encryption used for storing passwords.
• defaultgroup is fairly self-explanatory: all new users will be added to this group by default.
• Set profileconfirm to 0 to allow a logged in user to change their profile (full name, password and email address) without having to confirm their current password.
• DokuWiki can use different ways to access user and group data. By default it uses its own plaintext backend. The backend is chosen by setting the authtype option. Have a look at the backends page to see which options are available.

…

Users can be added, removed and edited through the user manager. When openregister is enabled users can register themselves as well. For info on manually adding users see the descriptions in the plain backend documentation.

Access restrictions can be bound to pages and namespaces. There are five permissions: read, edit, create, upload and delete. Each higher permission contains the lower ones, with read being the lowest and delete the highest one. You should note that create, upload and delete permissions can only be assigned to namespaces.

When DokuWiki checks which rights it should give to a user, it uses all rules matching the user's name or the groups he is in. The rule which gives the highest permission is used. Permissions are checked for the page first, then all upper namespaces are checked until a matching rule is found.

To add a restriction rule, browse to the page you want to restrict and enter the administration interface by pressing the Admin button (only available to the superuser). There select Access Control List Management. You're then presented with a table like the following, showing you all restrictions relevant to the current page.

Restrictions are added in the top row of the table. You need to select the scope, which can be either the current page itself, or one of the namespaces it is in ¹⁾. You also need to choose who you want to give (or deny) access to; this can either be a group or a user. And finally, you need to select the actual permissions you want. Selecting none effectivly locks out the specified user or group from the page or namespace..

Note: The delete permission affects media files only. Pages can be deleted (and restored) by everyone with at least edit permission. Someone who has upload permissions but no delete permissions can not overwrite existing media files anymore.

ALL. Everyone, even users not logged in, is a member of the ALL group. You can use this group to restrict access for all users (as a default setting) and then relax the permissions for some selected users. For example, in the screenshot above, no one is allowed to upload, except members of the upload group.

user. All self-registered users are by default automatically a member of the group 'user'. Use this to give permissions to 'logged-in' users. The name of this group is configured through the defaultgroup option. Other than the virtual “ALL” group, the “user” group is a real group to which all users are added automatically when using the plain auth backend. If you use another backend you need to use the groups provided by this backend.

Access restrictions are saved in a file called conf/acl.auth.php, which should be writable by the webserver if you want to use the ACL admin interface. It is not recommended to edit this file manually. Use the admin interface instead.

Empty lines and shellstyle comments are ignored. Each line contains 3 whitespace separated fields:

• The resource to restrict. This can either be a pagename or a namespace. Namespaces are marked by an additional asterisk (see examples below)
• A group or user name. Groupnames are marked by a leading @ character
• A permission level (see below)

There are 7 permission levels represented by an integer. Higher levels include lower ones. If you can edit you can read, too. However the admin permission of 255 should never be used in the conf/acl.auth.php file. It is only used internally by matching against the superuser option.

Here is an example:

*                     @ALL        4
*                     bigboss    16
start                 @ALL        1
marketing:*           @marketing  8
devel:*               @ALL        0
devel:*               @devel      8
devel:*               bigboss    16
devel:funstuff        bigboss     0
devel:*               @marketing  1
devel:marketing       @marketing  2

Lets go through it line by line (though see below for more):

1. This sets permission for the main namespace. Allowing everybody to edit and create pages. However upload is not allowed.
2. User bigboss is given full rights
3. The permissions for the start page are restricted to readonly for everyone
4. Then the permissions for the namespace marketing are set. All members of the marketing group are allowed to upload there - other users will be matched by line 1 so they can still create and edit. bigboss inherits his rights from line 2 so he can upload and delete files.
5. Now the access for the devel namespace is restricted. Nobody is allowed to do anything.
6. Well not nobody really – we give members of the devel group full rights here
7. And of course bigboss is allowed, too – and he's the only who can delete uploaded files
8. However the devel guys don't want their boss to see the funstuff page – remember exact pagematches override namespace permissions
9. And the marketing team may read everything in the devel namespace, too
10. And finally the marketing guys are allowed to edit the devel:marketing page as well.

Please note, that order does not matter in the file. The file is parsed as whole, then a perfect match for the current page/user combi is searched for. When a match is found further matching is aborted. If no match is found, group permissions for the current page are checked. If no match is found the check continues in the next higher namespace.

You can see this in the above example on the permissions for user bigboss. He is given full access in line 2, but needs to get full access for the devel:* namespace in line 7 again. If this line weren't there, the first match for user bigboss for a page inside the devel namespace would be line 5, because bigboss is member of the magic ALL group.

Note: To configure users or groups with special chars (like whitespaces) you need to URL escape them. This only applies to specialchars in the lower 128 byte range. The ACL file uses UTF-8 encoding so any multibytechars can be written as is. This only applies when a backend different from the plain one is used – the plain backend does not allow any special chars anyway.

The DokuWiki manual describes the ACL system. Basically DokuWiki has been configured to In order to allow/disallow users on your site, you DokuWiki has

• authentication of CSE users
• built-in “cse” group for cse users, and “wiki” group for plaintext users
• “users” group is the default group added when no group is specified on adding an account
• groups can contain CSE users, system groups, or distribution lists
  • include:system:group
  • include:dist:session:term:course
  • include:wiki:name

By default, any user in the world has the ability to view all the content in your Wiki. Administrators have access to edit content. If you are satisfied with this setup, you don't need to change a thing.

If you need to restrict content on your site, you will be able to restrict content to groups that you create. These groups can include system groups (eg. tech, faculty, ugrad), class lists, or even other wiki groups.

ALL cse users are automatically registered with your Wiki and have the ability to login. What they will see when they login differs based on how you setup the Access Control List.